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  • VM-20 Scenarios - An Observation
    31 34 28 60 34 31 29 27 26 25 24 70 29 20 22 19 20 17 18 80 22 15 16 16 16 12 13 90 18 11 13 13 12 9 9 ... 80 30 24 23 25 20 22 23 90 25 16 19 19 17 19 21 100 20 13 17 14 14 15 18 in years 15 and later. Thus ...

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    • Authors: Timothy Cardinal
    • Date: Dec 2016
    • Competency: External Forces & Industry Knowledge>Actuarial methods in business operations
    • Publication Name: The Modeling Platform
    • Topics: Financial Reporting & Accounting>Statutory accounting; Life Insurance>Reserves - Life Insurance; Life Insurance>Secondary guarantees; Modeling & Statistical Methods>Scenario generation
  • A VM-20 Mortality and Credibility Factor Observation
    000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 Triple X Cols 1–3: < 20% Col 4: 20–22% Col 6: ... 80% 100% 120% 140% 160% 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 Cols 1–3: < 20% Col 4: 20–22% Col 6: 28–32% ...

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    • Authors: Timothy Cardinal
    • Date: Sep 2017
    • Competency: External Forces & Industry Knowledge>External forces and business performance; Technical Skills & Analytical Problem Solving>Problem analysis and definition
    • Publication Name: Small Talk
    • Topics: Life Insurance>Reserves - Life Insurance
  • VM-20 Game Changer: Mortality Aggregation
    VM-20 Game Changer: Mortality Aggregation The 2020 edition of the Valuation Manual ... edition1 of the Valuation Manual incorporates APF 2018-17 which addresses mortality data aggregation and calculation ...

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    • Authors: Timothy Cardinal
    • Date: May 2020
    • Competency: External Forces & Industry Knowledge
    • Publication Name: The Financial Reporter
    • Topics: Financial Reporting & Accounting; Financial Reporting & Accounting>Statutory accounting; Life Insurance; Life Insurance>Reserves - Life Insurance